What is Depression?

Depression in a young adult often manifests as a persistent and overwhelming sadness that lasts for weeks or months, far exceeding the usual fluctuations of mood. This individual may lose interest or pleasure in activities they once enjoyed, such as hobbies, socializing, or schoolwork, leading to withdrawal and isolation. Other common signs include changes in appetite or sleep patterns, low energy, difficulty concentrating, feelings of worthlessness or guilt, and sometimes thoughts of hopelessness or self-harm.

These symptoms significantly interfere with daily functioning, making it challenging to cope with everyday responsibilities and relationships. Early recognition and professional support are crucial for effective management and recovery.

Symptomology Checklist for Depression in Young Adults

The symptomology checklist is designed to help identify and understand the emotional and behavioural signs commonly experienced by adolescents, young adults, and parents facing challenging circumstances. This tool supports early recognition of difficulties, facilitating timely intervention and tailored therapeutic support.

  • Persistent feelings of sadness, emptiness, or hopelessness

  • Loss of interest or pleasure in activities once enjoyed

  • Significant changes in appetite or weight (increase or decrease)

  • Sleep disturbances (insomnia or hypersomnia)

  • Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day

  • Difficulty concentrating, making decisions, or remembering things

  • Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt

  • Restlessness or slowed movements and speech

  • Frequent irritability or anger

  • Withdrawal from friends, family, and social activities

  • Persistent physical symptoms (e.g., headaches, stomachaches) without a clear cause

  • Thoughts of death, suicidal ideation, or suicide attempts

If you or someone you know is experiencing several of these symptoms persistently, seeking professional support is recommended.

Treatment Options for Depression

  • Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT)

  • Interpersonal Therapy (IPT)

  • Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT)

  • Psychodynamic Therapy

  • Pharmacotherapy

    • Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

    • Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)

    • Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)

    • Atypical Antidepressants

    • Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

  • Lifestyle Interventions

    • Regular physical exercise

    • Balanced nutrition

    • Consistent sleep hygiene

    • Stress management techniques

    • Social support engagement

  • Other Treatments

    • Light therapy (especially for Seasonal Affective Disorder)

  • Supportive Measures

    • Psychoeducation for patients and families

    • Parent coaching (for adolescents and young children)

    • Monitoring and addressing comorbidities such as anxiety or substance use

  • Virtual Therapy Benefits

    • Increased accessibility

    • Flexible scheduling

    • Comfort of home environment

    • Continuity of care regardless of location